From patchwork Sun Oct 13 15:08:58 2019 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Paul B Mahol X-Patchwork-Id: 15730 Return-Path: X-Original-To: patchwork@ffaux-bg.ffmpeg.org Delivered-To: patchwork@ffaux-bg.ffmpeg.org Received: from ffbox0-bg.mplayerhq.hu (ffbox0-bg.ffmpeg.org [79.124.17.100]) by ffaux.localdomain (Postfix) with ESMTP id B2B1C447F09 for ; Sun, 13 Oct 2019 18:09:14 +0300 (EEST) Received: from [127.0.1.1] (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ffbox0-bg.mplayerhq.hu (Postfix) with ESMTP id 89564689D9F; Sun, 13 Oct 2019 18:09:14 +0300 (EEST) X-Original-To: ffmpeg-devel@ffmpeg.org Delivered-To: ffmpeg-devel@ffmpeg.org Received: from mail-wm1-f53.google.com (mail-wm1-f53.google.com [209.85.128.53]) by ffbox0-bg.mplayerhq.hu (Postfix) with ESMTPS id DF749689998 for ; Sun, 13 Oct 2019 18:09:08 +0300 (EEST) Received: by mail-wm1-f53.google.com with SMTP id y21so14325755wmi.0 for ; Sun, 13 Oct 2019 08:09:08 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=from:to:subject:date:message-id; bh=bcUBdjDaljgJxILssSa8M2CPQMXGGKmHFFaIzFlMK3c=; b=WkGQQ57u24NsfB58F2rliPgSIHEpEway9LsaZBeD1Z9NFlhhQAqoECe4gIy2lcxYM9 TqkvtA8BE4Q+xXoCmHHsxDcBCB2RzDjhAargROE+PkwVMQ5YDFDrPIyt6ZfBVJQjMtc4 TalBlqmzn4j7FHqX5h0bV8Bkc9mN+/RtKP+BjHvFtviXDXLma5shRY59jN+IhAuEf//q Hjq+YNL1n8lHmP/Janut3zDF2vbg/6TyIvouqnJL0Et7GM5NWQ5rJ/v6ZfJLPNFNSXVM jmUS/EFesaO4AZ2Zl9jiY4VuoxEkqYPGUmztccIyy0ma6IyEybOcUIV1NgVpyNY6ILAg GT4Q== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:from:to:subject:date:message-id; bh=bcUBdjDaljgJxILssSa8M2CPQMXGGKmHFFaIzFlMK3c=; b=IBxQXllIEM0UlUjhUeDqXsx8KzWWpzeIiG/8WJ+42+0RNon4ecR+eYwSNKvk6wrBMU E8fmixSI/OJT6xVVeisCB4C/+scD/jJDYjR17rmyRe7hOCF9N7ChgNGjWXYK8U9BlX+/ VeO19l5wdJ8bnekGsNz9TyApGX2aQn/4qMws0aMXPAbsVuCM89NmxzlChjHZnBPmJPgA ac7wdVgWHUPmG5sJEZjuQQweAng/QHDzz+5XwW5aePW7n0Ouj1KUXP2fLpHf9U4Z0Rg/ 3fHEK7dq5s8b8n2Y5pQWgUBFAc17u6PVPKk/PYluSTTEXxr0Wq9YI2BXnIi3PR55t8xX ehXQ== X-Gm-Message-State: APjAAAXTL7Nf8yz8smC38s6QiVOBnfp0UaMbgkbSW1boM/d/0lpB03KO hocC0S0yZVxdvbgje0wiUvDbUfS4 X-Google-Smtp-Source: APXvYqyUqoL3EXpIQALTsdR3k1SE7kPlTNpLC9vnZuQfOM7oOlI8eOM89cSS5LyOYJ0j880zZ81TBQ== X-Received: by 2002:a7b:cd89:: with SMTP id y9mr12352152wmj.51.1570979347748; Sun, 13 Oct 2019 08:09:07 -0700 (PDT) Received: from localhost.localdomain ([37.244.241.148]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id u26sm12224603wrd.87.2019.10.13.08.09.05 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Sun, 13 Oct 2019 08:09:06 -0700 (PDT) From: Paul B Mahol To: ffmpeg-devel@ffmpeg.org Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2019 17:08:58 +0200 Message-Id: <20191013150858.26536-1-onemda@gmail.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.17.1 Subject: [FFmpeg-devel] [PATCH] avfilter: add bilateral filter X-BeenThere: ffmpeg-devel@ffmpeg.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.20 Precedence: list List-Id: FFmpeg development discussions and patches List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Reply-To: FFmpeg development discussions and patches MIME-Version: 1.0 Errors-To: ffmpeg-devel-bounces@ffmpeg.org Sender: "ffmpeg-devel" Signed-off-by: Paul B Mahol --- doc/filters.texi | 17 ++ libavfilter/Makefile | 1 + libavfilter/allfilters.c | 1 + libavfilter/vf_bilateral.c | 372 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 391 insertions(+) create mode 100644 libavfilter/vf_bilateral.c diff --git a/doc/filters.texi b/doc/filters.texi index 0d4514678c..3f4f37e786 100644 --- a/doc/filters.texi +++ b/doc/filters.texi @@ -6283,6 +6283,23 @@ The filter accepts the following option: Set the minimal luminance value. Default is @code{16}. @end table +@section bilateral +Apply bilateral filter, spatial smoothing while preserving edges. + +The filter accepts the following options: +@table @option +@item sigmaS +Set sigma of gaussian function to calculate spatial weight. +Allowed range is 0 to 1024. Default is 3. + +@item sigmaR +Set sigma of gaussian function to calculate range weight. +Allowed range is 0 to 1024. Default is 0.5 + +@item planes +Set planes to filter. Default is first only. +@end table + @section bitplanenoise Show and measure bit plane noise. diff --git a/libavfilter/Makefile b/libavfilter/Makefile index 16bb8cd965..a504a26fca 100644 --- a/libavfilter/Makefile +++ b/libavfilter/Makefile @@ -163,6 +163,7 @@ OBJS-$(CONFIG_AVGBLUR_OPENCL_FILTER) += vf_avgblur_opencl.o opencl.o \ opencl/avgblur.o boxblur.o OBJS-$(CONFIG_BBOX_FILTER) += bbox.o vf_bbox.o OBJS-$(CONFIG_BENCH_FILTER) += f_bench.o +OBJS-$(CONFIG_BILATERAL_FILTER) += vf_bilateral.o OBJS-$(CONFIG_BITPLANENOISE_FILTER) += vf_bitplanenoise.o OBJS-$(CONFIG_BLACKDETECT_FILTER) += vf_blackdetect.o OBJS-$(CONFIG_BLACKFRAME_FILTER) += vf_blackframe.o diff --git a/libavfilter/allfilters.c b/libavfilter/allfilters.c index 4f8b3039ed..56057cedef 100644 --- a/libavfilter/allfilters.c +++ b/libavfilter/allfilters.c @@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ extern AVFilter ff_vf_avgblur; extern AVFilter ff_vf_avgblur_opencl; extern AVFilter ff_vf_bbox; extern AVFilter ff_vf_bench; +extern AVFilter ff_vf_bilateral; extern AVFilter ff_vf_bitplanenoise; extern AVFilter ff_vf_blackdetect; extern AVFilter ff_vf_blackframe; diff --git a/libavfilter/vf_bilateral.c b/libavfilter/vf_bilateral.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dafb9e1d0f --- /dev/null +++ b/libavfilter/vf_bilateral.c @@ -0,0 +1,372 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 2017 Ming Yang + * Copyright (c) 2019 Paul B Mahol + * + * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy + * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal + * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights + * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell + * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is + * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: + * + * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all + * copies or substantial portions of the Software. + * + * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR + * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE + * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER + * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, + * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE + * SOFTWARE. + */ + +#include "libavutil/imgutils.h" +#include "libavutil/opt.h" +#include "libavutil/pixdesc.h" +#include "avfilter.h" +#include "formats.h" +#include "internal.h" +#include "video.h" + +typedef struct BilateralContext { + const AVClass *class; + + float sigmaS; + float sigmaR; + int planes; + + int nb_planes; + int depth; + int planewidth[4]; + int planeheight[4]; + + float range_table[65536]; + + float *img_out_f; + float *img_temp; + float *map_factor_a; + float *map_factor_b; + float *slice_factor_a; + float *slice_factor_b; + float *line_factor_a; + float *line_factor_b; +} BilateralContext; + +#define OFFSET(x) offsetof(BilateralContext, x) +#define FLAGS AV_OPT_FLAG_VIDEO_PARAM|AV_OPT_FLAG_FILTERING_PARAM + +static const AVOption bilateral_options[] = { + { "sigmaS", "set spatial sigma", OFFSET(sigmaS), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLOAT, {.dbl=0.1}, 0.0, 10, FLAGS }, + { "sigmaR", "set sigma range", OFFSET(sigmaR), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLOAT, {.dbl=0.1}, 0.0, 10, FLAGS }, + { "planes", "set planes to filter", OFFSET(planes), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64=1}, 0, 0xF, FLAGS }, + { NULL } +}; + +AVFILTER_DEFINE_CLASS(bilateral); + +typedef struct ThreadData { + int height; + int width; +} ThreadData; + +static int query_formats(AVFilterContext *ctx) +{ + static const enum AVPixelFormat pix_fmts[] = { + AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA444P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV440P, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ444P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ440P, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA422P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA420P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ422P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ420P, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ411P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV411P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV410P, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P9, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P9, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P9, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P10, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P10, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P10, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P12, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P12, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P12, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV440P12, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P14, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P14, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P14, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P16, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P16, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P16, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA420P9, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA422P9, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA444P9, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA420P10, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA422P10, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA444P10, + AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA420P16, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA422P16, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA444P16, + AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP, AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP9, AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP10, + AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP12, AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP14, AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP16, + AV_PIX_FMT_GBRAP, AV_PIX_FMT_GBRAP10, AV_PIX_FMT_GBRAP12, AV_PIX_FMT_GBRAP16, + AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY8, AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY9, AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY10, AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY12, AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY14, AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY16, + AV_PIX_FMT_NONE + }; + + return ff_set_common_formats(ctx, ff_make_format_list(pix_fmts)); +} + +static int config_input(AVFilterLink *inlink) +{ + BilateralContext *s = inlink->dst->priv; + const AVPixFmtDescriptor *desc = av_pix_fmt_desc_get(inlink->format); + float inv_sigma_range; + + s->depth = desc->comp[0].depth; + inv_sigma_range = 1.0f / (s->sigmaR * ((1 << s->depth) - 1)); + + //compute a lookup table + for (int i = 0; i < (1 << s->depth); i++) + s->range_table[i] = expf(-i * inv_sigma_range); + + s->planewidth[1] = s->planewidth[2] = AV_CEIL_RSHIFT(inlink->w, desc->log2_chroma_w); + s->planewidth[0] = s->planewidth[3] = inlink->w; + s->planeheight[1] = s->planeheight[2] = AV_CEIL_RSHIFT(inlink->h, desc->log2_chroma_h); + s->planeheight[0] = s->planeheight[3] = inlink->h; + + s->nb_planes = av_pix_fmt_count_planes(inlink->format); + + s->img_out_f = av_calloc(inlink->w * inlink->h, sizeof(float)); + s->img_temp = av_calloc(inlink->w * inlink->h, sizeof(float)); + s->map_factor_a = av_calloc(inlink->w * inlink->h, sizeof(float)); + s->map_factor_b = av_calloc(inlink->w * inlink->h, sizeof(float)); + s->slice_factor_a = av_calloc(inlink->w, sizeof(float)); + s->slice_factor_b = av_calloc(inlink->w, sizeof(float)); + s->line_factor_a = av_calloc(inlink->w, sizeof(float)); + s->line_factor_b = av_calloc(inlink->w, sizeof(float)); + + if (!s->img_out_f || + !s->img_temp || + !s->map_factor_a || + !s->map_factor_b || + !s->slice_factor_a || + !s->slice_factor_a || + !s->line_factor_a || + !s->line_factor_a) + return AVERROR(ENOMEM); + + return 0; +} + +#define BILATERAL(type, name) \ +static void bilateral_##name(BilateralContext *s, uint8_t *ssrc, uint8_t *ddst, \ + float sigma_spatial, float sigma_range, \ + int width, int height, int src_linesize, int dst_linesize) \ +{ \ + type *dst = (type *)ddst; \ + type *src = (type *)ssrc; \ + float *img_out_f = s->img_out_f, *img_temp = s->img_temp; \ + float *map_factor_a = s->map_factor_a, *map_factor_b = s->map_factor_b; \ + float *slice_factor_a = s->slice_factor_a, *slice_factor_b = s->slice_factor_b; \ + float *line_factor_a = s->line_factor_a, *line_factor_b = s->line_factor_b; \ + float *range_table = s->range_table; \ + float alpha = expf(-sqrtf(2.f) / (sigma_spatial * width)); \ + float ypr, ycr, *ycy, *ypy, *xcy, fp, fc; \ + float inv_alpha_ = 1 - alpha; \ + float *ycf, *ypf, *xcf, *in_factor; \ + type *tcy, *tpy; \ + int h1; \ + \ + for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { \ + float *temp_factor_x, *temp_x = &img_temp[y * width]; \ + type *in_x = &src[y * src_linesize]; \ + type tpr, *texture_x = &src[y * src_linesize]; \ + \ + *temp_x++ = ypr = *in_x++; \ + tpr = *texture_x++; \ + \ + temp_factor_x = &map_factor_a[y * width]; \ + *temp_factor_x++ = fp = 1; \ + \ + for (int x = 1; x < width; x++) { \ + float weight, alpha_; \ + int range_dist; \ + type tcr = *texture_x++; \ + type dr = abs(tcr - tpr); \ + \ + range_dist = dr; \ + weight = range_table[range_dist]; \ + alpha_ = weight*alpha; \ + *temp_x++ = ycr = inv_alpha_*(*in_x++) + alpha_*ypr; \ + tpr = tcr; \ + ypr = ycr; \ + *temp_factor_x++ = fc = inv_alpha_ + alpha_ * fp; \ + fp = fc; \ + } \ + --temp_x; *temp_x = 0.5f*((*temp_x) + (*--in_x)); \ + tpr = *--texture_x; \ + ypr = *in_x; \ + \ + --temp_factor_x; *temp_factor_x = 0.5f*((*temp_factor_x) + 1); \ + fp = 1; \ + \ + for (int x = width - 2; x >= 0; x--) { \ + type tcr = *--texture_x; \ + type dr = abs(tcr - tpr); \ + int range_dist = dr; \ + float weight = range_table[range_dist]; \ + float alpha_ = weight * alpha; \ + \ + ycr = inv_alpha_ * (*--in_x) + alpha_ * ypr; \ + --temp_x; *temp_x = 0.5f*((*temp_x) + ycr); \ + tpr = tcr; \ + ypr = ycr; \ + \ + fc = inv_alpha_ + alpha_*fp; \ + --temp_factor_x; \ + *temp_factor_x = 0.5f*((*temp_factor_x) + fc); \ + fp = fc; \ + } \ + } \ + memcpy(img_out_f, img_temp, sizeof(float) * width); \ + \ + in_factor = map_factor_a; \ + memcpy(map_factor_b, in_factor, sizeof(float) * width); \ + for (int y = 1; y < height; y++) { \ + tpy = &src[(y - 1) * src_linesize]; \ + tcy = &src[y * src_linesize]; \ + xcy = &img_temp[y * width]; \ + ypy = &img_out_f[(y - 1) * width]; \ + ycy = &img_out_f[y * width]; \ + \ + xcf = &in_factor[y * width]; \ + ypf = &map_factor_b[(y - 1) * width]; \ + ycf = &map_factor_b[y * width]; \ + for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { \ + type dr = abs((*tcy++) - (*tpy++)); \ + int range_dist = dr; \ + float weight = range_table[range_dist]; \ + float alpha_ = weight*alpha; \ + \ + *ycy++ = inv_alpha_*(*xcy++) + alpha_*(*ypy++); \ + *ycf++ = inv_alpha_*(*xcf++) + alpha_*(*ypf++); \ + } \ + } \ + h1 = height - 1; \ + ycf = line_factor_a; \ + ypf = line_factor_b; \ + memcpy(ypf, &in_factor[h1 * width], sizeof(float) * width); \ + for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) \ + map_factor_b[h1 * width + x] = 0.5f*(map_factor_b[h1 * width + x] + ypf[x]); \ + \ + ycy = slice_factor_a; \ + ypy = slice_factor_b; \ + memcpy(ypy, &img_temp[h1 * width], sizeof(float) * width); \ + for (int x = 0, k = 0; x < width; x++) { \ + int idx = h1 * width + x; \ + img_out_f[idx] = 0.5f*(img_out_f[idx] + ypy[k++]) / map_factor_b[h1 * width + x]; \ + } \ + \ + for (int y = h1 - 1; y >= 0; y--) { \ + float *ycf_, *ypf_, *factor_; \ + float *ycy_, *ypy_, *out_; \ + \ + tpy = &src[(y + 1) * src_linesize]; \ + tcy = &src[y * src_linesize]; \ + xcy = &img_temp[y * width]; \ + ycy_ = ycy; \ + ypy_ = ypy; \ + out_ = &img_out_f[y * width]; \ + \ + xcf = &in_factor[y * width]; \ + ycf_ = ycf; \ + ypf_ = ypf; \ + factor_ = &map_factor_b[y * width]; \ + for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { \ + type dr = abs((*tcy++) - (*tpy++)); \ + int range_dist = dr; \ + float weight = range_table[range_dist]; \ + float alpha_ = weight*alpha; \ + float ycc, fcc = inv_alpha_*(*xcf++) + alpha_*(*ypf_++); \ + \ + *ycf_++ = fcc; \ + *factor_ = 0.5f * (*factor_ + fcc); \ + \ + ycc = inv_alpha_*(*xcy++) + alpha_*(*ypy_++); \ + *ycy_++ = ycc; \ + *out_ = 0.5f * (*out_ + ycc) / (*factor_); \ + out_++; \ + factor_++; \ + } \ + \ + memcpy(ypy, ycy, sizeof(float) * width); \ + memcpy(ypf, ycf, sizeof(float) * width); \ + } \ + \ + for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) \ + for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) \ + dst[j + i * dst_linesize] = img_out_f[i * width + j]; \ +} + +BILATERAL(uint8_t, byte) +BILATERAL(uint16_t, word) + +static int filter_frame(AVFilterLink *inlink, AVFrame *in) +{ + AVFilterContext *ctx = inlink->dst; + BilateralContext *s = ctx->priv; + AVFilterLink *outlink = ctx->outputs[0]; + AVFrame *out; + + out = ff_get_video_buffer(outlink, outlink->w, outlink->h); + if (!out) { + av_frame_free(&in); + return AVERROR(ENOMEM); + } + av_frame_copy_props(out, in); + + for (int plane = 0; plane < s->nb_planes; plane++) { + if (!(s->planes & (1 << plane))) { + av_image_copy_plane(out->data[plane], out->linesize[plane], + in->data[plane], in->linesize[plane], + s->planewidth[plane] * ((s->depth + 7) / 8), s->planeheight[plane]); + continue; + } + + if (s->depth <= 8) + bilateral_byte(s, in->data[plane], out->data[plane], s->sigmaS, s->sigmaR, + s->planewidth[plane], s->planeheight[plane], + in->linesize[plane], out->linesize[plane]); + else + bilateral_word(s, in->data[plane], out->data[plane], s->sigmaS, s->sigmaR, + s->planewidth[plane], s->planeheight[plane], + in->linesize[plane] / 2, out->linesize[plane] / 2); + } + + av_frame_free(&in); + return ff_filter_frame(outlink, out); +} + +static av_cold void uninit(AVFilterContext *ctx) +{ + BilateralContext *s = ctx->priv; + + av_freep(&s->img_out_f); + av_freep(&s->img_temp); + av_freep(&s->map_factor_a); + av_freep(&s->map_factor_b); + av_freep(&s->slice_factor_a); + av_freep(&s->slice_factor_b); + av_freep(&s->line_factor_a); + av_freep(&s->line_factor_b); +} + +static const AVFilterPad bilateral_inputs[] = { + { + .name = "default", + .type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO, + .config_props = config_input, + .filter_frame = filter_frame, + }, + { NULL } +}; + +static const AVFilterPad bilateral_outputs[] = { + { + .name = "default", + .type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO, + }, + { NULL } +}; + +AVFilter ff_vf_bilateral = { + .name = "bilateral", + .description = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("Apply Bilateral filter."), + .priv_size = sizeof(BilateralContext), + .priv_class = &bilateral_class, + .uninit = uninit, + .query_formats = query_formats, + .inputs = bilateral_inputs, + .outputs = bilateral_outputs, + .flags = AVFILTER_FLAG_SUPPORT_TIMELINE_GENERIC | AVFILTER_FLAG_SLICE_THREADS, +};